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| Teny iditra | 1 FRAM |
| Sokajin-teny | 2 anarana (fanafohezanteny) [Fitanisana] |
| Fanazavàna teny malagasy |
3Fikambanan'ny Ray Amandrenin'ny Mpianatra.
[3.1] |
| Fanazavàna teny anglisy |
4parent-teacher associations that hire contract teachers, called FRAM teachers.
[5.en.http://www.povertyactionlab.org/publication/impacts-school-management-reforms-madagascar-do-impacts-vary-teacher-type] |
| Ohatra |
5 Hataonao ahoana ny mpampianatra fram izay iaraha-mahalala ny tsy fahampian' ny fanofanana azy?
[4.27#]
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| Voambolana | 6 Fikambanana |
| Nohavaozina tamin' ny 2025/09/12 |
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